A 50yo African American woman presents to clinic feeling tired for the last 3 months. She also has trouble breathing when walking 2-3 blocks. She sleeps on 2 pillows at night to help with her breathing. PMH: HTN, arthritis. Physical exam: edema present in both feet. Medications: HCTZ 12.5mg daily, verapamil SA 120 mg daily, ibuprofen 200 mg BID for arthritis in knee. Vitals: height 5’2″, 63kg, BP 134/84, HR 78, EF 30% per echocardiogram. Her labs are normal including a creatinine of 1.1. She denies chest pain or palpitations. Her EKG reveals normal sinus rhythm with no evidence of ischemia or recent acute coronary syndrome.
- How would you classify her heart failure?
- What medication adjustmentswhether additions, discontinuations, or modificationswould you recommend to help improve her current symptoms and optimize her long-term clinical outcomes?
- What monitoring parameters do you recommend?
- What non-pharmacological recommendations do you have?
A 79-year-old African American woman with a history of hypertension, transient ischemic attack (TIA) and gout. Her medications include febuxostat 80 mg/day, felodipine 10 mg/day, benazepril 40 mg/day, Atorvastatin 40mg and enteric coated aspirin 81 mg/day. Her vital signs include BP 145/85 mmHg and HR 82 beats/minute.
What is the best approach to improve her BP control, if anything? Please provide your answer supporting it with evidence based medicine.

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