Two common types of antigen-antibody (Ag-Ab) reactions are:
* **Precipitation:** This occurs when **soluble antigens** react with specific antibodies to form an insoluble, visible complex (lattice) that settles out of the solution. This is often used in diagnostic tests like immunodiffusion.
* **Agglutination:** This involves the clumping together of **particulate antigens** (such as bacteria or red blood cells) when they bind with their corresponding antibodies. A classic example is ABO blood grouping.
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**Other notable reactions include:**
* **Neutralization:** Antibodies bind to toxins or viruses, masking their active sites and preventing them from affecting host cells.
* **Complement Fixation:** The formation of an Ag-Ab complex triggers the complement system, a series of proteins that lead to the lysis (destruction) of the target cell.
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